What are the Different Types of Electric Vehicles?
What are the Different Types of Electric Vehicles?
The electric vehicle segment has grown rapidly and continues to grow yearly, showcasing various models spanning vehicle categories such as compact cars, sedans, SUVs, and pickup trucks. A dynamic array of electric vehicle types continuously evolves and enters production, offering customers and upcoming users various choices. Today, prospective car buyers have access to three primary classifications, battery-powered electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). Continue reading to learn how each type of EV works.
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV)
Battery electric vehicles, often labeled as "all-electric vehicles," operate solely on electricity sourced from an external origin. These automobiles are driven by one or multiple electric motors, which receive energy from rechargeable battery packs. Sizeable battery packs store electricity and are charged by linking to the power grid. Subsequently, these battery packs drive one or more electric motors that propel the electric vehicle. Most BEVs can travel at least 100 miles on a solitary charge, with a substantial portion of newly introduced models boasting an all-electric range surpassing 200-300 miles.
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles similarly employ batteries to energize an electric motor and can be replenished via an external power supply. However, they integrate a compact internal combustion engine, which serves the dual purpose of recharging the battery for extended travel distances. PHEVs typically offer the capability to operate in "EV mode," relying solely on the battery, covering moderate distances ranging from 20 to 50 miles. Given the prevalence of short trips, this characteristic significantly curtails their reliance on gasoline and reduces emissions in routine driving scenarios. When PHEV batteries are completely charged, they exhibit a 14 to 47 percent fuel efficiency advantage compared to conventional vehicles.
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)
Hybrid electric vehicles combine an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, which draws energy from a battery. However, unlike most electric cars, HEVs replenish their batteries through regenerative braking. They don't require a connection to an external power source for charging. Regenerative braking harnesses the kinetic energy produced during braking to recharge the electric battery, thereby assisting the internal combustion engine in propelling the vehicle. In the case of a full hybrid, the stored battery energy can propel the car using electricity alone, typically for shorter distances, before the gasoline engine engages.
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